Size of Data Types in C

By Darío Rivera

Posted On in Lenguaje C

In our previous article we saw all the Data Types in C and in particular the char data type. Each data type has a specific bit storage that can be calculated with the sizeof function. Some values may vary depending on the machine where C is being used.

Below is a program that shows in detail all the sizes of the primitive types.

#include <stdio.h>
#include <limits.h>
#include <float.h>

int main()
{
    printf("+--------+-----------+------------------------------------------------------+\n");
    printf("|  TYPE  |   SIZE    |           RANGE                                       \n");
    printf("+--------+-----------+------------------------------------------------------+\n");
    printf("| char   |  %d byte   | (signed)   %d to %d    \n", CHAR_BIT/8, CHAR_MIN, CHAR_MAX);
    printf("|        |           | (unsigned) 0 to %d   \n", UCHAR_MAX);
    printf("+--------+-----------+------------------------------------------------------+\n");
    printf("| short  |  %lu bytes  | (signed)   %d to %d    \n", sizeof(short), SHRT_MIN, SHRT_MAX);
    printf("|        |           | (unsigned) 0 to %d   \n", USHRT_MAX);
    printf("+--------+-----------+------------------------------------------------------+\n");
    printf("| int    |  %lu bytes  | (signed)   %d to %d    \n", sizeof(int), INT_MIN, INT_MAX);
    printf("|        |           | (unsigned) 0 to %ud  \n", UINT_MAX);
    printf("+--------+-----------+------------------------------------------------------+\n");
    printf("| long   |  %lu bytes  | (signed)   %ld to %ld  \n", sizeof(long), LONG_MIN, LONG_MAX);
    printf("|        |           | (unsigned) 0 to %lu  \n", ULONG_MAX);
    printf("+--------+-----------+------------------------------------------------------+\n");
    printf("| long   |  %lu bytes  | (signed)   %lld to %lld  \n", sizeof(long long), LLONG_MIN, LLONG_MAX);
    printf("| long   |           | (unsigned) 0 to %llu  \n", ULLONG_MAX);
    printf("+--------+-----------+------------------------------------------------------+\n");
    printf("| float  |  %lu bytes  | %g to %g     \n", sizeof(float), FLT_MIN, FLT_MAX);
    printf("|        |           | %g to %g     \n", -FLT_MAX, -FLT_MIN);
    printf("+--------+-----------+------------------------------------------------------+\n");
    printf("| double |  %lu bytes  | %g to %g     \n", sizeof(double), DBL_MIN, DBL_MAX);
    printf("|        |           | %g to %g     \n", -DBL_MAX, -DBL_MIN);
    printf("+--------+-----------+------------------------------------------------------+\n");
    printf("| long   |  %lu bytes | %g to %g     \n", sizeof(long double), DBL_MIN, DBL_MAX);
    printf("| double |           | %g to %g     \n", -DBL_MAX, -DBL_MIN);
    printf("+--------+-----------+------------------------------------------------------+\n");
    return 0;
}

When you compile and run this program, you will get output similar to the following:

+--------+-----------+------------------------------------------------------+
|  TYPE  |   SIZE    |           RANGE                                       
+--------+-----------+------------------------------------------------------+
| char   |  1 byte   | (signed)   -128 to 127    
|        |           | (unsigned) 0 to 255   
+--------+-----------+------------------------------------------------------+
| short  |  2 bytes  | (signed)   -32768 to 32767    
|        |           | (unsigned) 0 to 65535   
+--------+-----------+------------------------------------------------------+
| int    |  4 bytes  | (signed)   -2147483648 to 2147483647    
|        |           | (unsigned) 0 to 4294967295d  
+--------+-----------+------------------------------------------------------+
| long   |  8 bytes  | (signed)   -9223372036854775808 to 9223372036854775807  
|        |           | (unsigned) 0 to 18446744073709551615  
+--------+-----------+------------------------------------------------------+
| long   |  8 bytes  | (signed)   -9223372036854775808 to 9223372036854775807  
| long   |           | (unsigned) 0 to 18446744073709551615  
+--------+-----------+------------------------------------------------------+
| float  |  4 bytes  | 1.17549e-38 to 3.40282e+38     
|        |           | -3.40282e+38 to -1.17549e-38     
+--------+-----------+------------------------------------------------------+
| double |  8 bytes  | 2.22507e-308 to 1.79769e+308     
|        |           | -1.79769e+308 to -2.22507e-308     
+--------+-----------+------------------------------------------------------+
| long   |  16 bytes | 2.22507e-308 to 1.79769e+308     
| double |           | -1.79769e+308 to -2.22507e-308     
+--------+-----------+------------------------------------------------------+

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